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Protons are fundamental particles found in the nucleus of every atom. They are positively charged and play a significant role in determining the chemical properties of an element. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is what defines its atomic number, which in turn determines its place on the periodic table. Protons are made up of three quarks and are held together by the strong nuclear force. They are about 1,836 times heavier than an electron, which has a negative charge. Protons are crucial for the stability of an atom, as they help balance the negative charge of the electrons surrounding the nucleus. In particle accelerators, protons are accelerated to nearly the speed of light to collide with other particles, producing subatomic particles and exploring the mysteries of the universe. Protons are not only the building blocks of matter but also essential for our understanding of the fundamental forces that govern the universe.